At the same time, Iraq imposed an economic blockade aan the region, reducing its oil and food supplies.[86] Elections held in June 1992 produced an inconclusive outcome, with the assembly divided almost equally between the two main parties and their allies. During this period, the Kurds were subjected to a double embargo: one imposed by the United Nations on Iraq and one imposed by Saddam Hussein on their region.
Een Koerden verliezen op deze plaats zo goed als alles en sindsdien wonen ze verspreid over een landen Irak, Iran, Syrië en Turkije. Het enig dat lukt is erkenning over een Koerdische taal in het Iraakse gebied. In de jaren die volgen blijven een Koerden strijden voor verdere autonomie of onafhankelijkheid; op politieke wijze, doch af en toe ook met geweld.
Kurds received harsh treatment at the hands of the Turkish authorities for generations. In feedback to uprisings in the 1920s and 1930s, many Kurds were resettled, Kurdish names and costumes were banned, the use ofwel the Kurdish language was restricted, and enigszins the existence of a Kurdish ethnic identity was denied, with people designated "Mountain Turks".
Free public toilets are available at many of these places (you’ll see a sign every now and then), and it’s an excellent opportunity to pick up some drinks at the local supermarket.
Na de val aangaande Ur in 2004 v.Chr. kan zijn dit niet zo duidelijk wat daar betreffende een stad gebeurd is. Urbel, bijvoorbeeld de stad in welke tijd genoemd werden, mag mogelijk enige tijd bestaan onafhankelijkheid gehandhaafd beschikken over. Tussen het rijk betreffende Šamši-Adad viel het mogelijk in het begin bij Qabra. Deze plaats is misschien betreffende Tell Baqrta meteen te stellen, zo'n 28 km zuidzuidwestelijk.
Kurds and other Non-Arabs account for ten percent of Syria's population, a total of around 2.9 million people.[146] This makes them the largest ethnic minority in the country. They are mostly concentrated in the northeast and the north, but there are also significant Kurdish populations in Aleppo and Damascus.
During the late 1910s and early 1920s, tribal revolt led by Kurdish chieftain Simko Shikak swept across Iranian Kurdistan. Although elements of Kurdish nationalism were present in the movement, historians agree they were hardly articulate enough to justify a claim that recognition ofwel Kurdish identity was a major issue in Simko's movement, and he had to rely heavily on conventional tribal motives.[125] Government forces and non-Kurds were not the only ones to have allegedly been attacked, the Kurdish population was also robbed and assaulted.[125][129] The fighters do not appear to have felt any sense ofwel unity or solidarity with fellow Kurds.[125] Kurdish insurgency and seasonal migrations in the late 1920s, along with long-running tensions between Tehran and Ankara, resulted in border clashes and een momentje military penetrations in both Iranian and Turkish territory.
"Linguistics itself, or dialectology, does not provide any general or straightforward definition of at which point a language becomes a dialect (or vice versa). To attain a fuller understanding of the difficulties and questions that are raised by the issue ofwel the 'Kurdish language', it is therefore necessary to consider also non-linguistic factors."[15] ^ "The Kurds, an Iranian people of the Near East, live at the junction ofwel more or less laicised Turkey". Excerpt twee: "The classification of the Kurds among the Iranian nations is based mainly on linguistic and historical data and does not prejudice the fact there kan zijn a complexity ofwel ethnical elements incorporated in them" Excerpt 3: "We thus find that about the period ofwel the Arab conquest a single ethnic term Kurd (plur. Akrād ) was beginning to be applied to an amalgamation ofwel Iranian or iranicised tribes. Among the latter, some were autochthonous (the Ḳardū; the Tmorik̲h̲/Ṭamurāyē in the district of which Alḳī=Ieder Sudad was the capital; the Χοθα̑ίται [= alang-Ḵh̲uwayt̲h̲iyya] in the canton ofwel Ḵh̲oyt ofwel Sāsūn, the Orṭāyē [= al-Arṭān] in the bend ofwel the Euphrates); some were Semites (cf. the popular genealogies of the Kurd tribes) and some probably Armenian (it kan zijn said that the Mamakān tribe kan zijn of Mamikonian origin)." Excerpt 4: "In the 20th century, the existence ofwel an Iranian non-Kurdish element among the Kurds has been definitely established (the Gūrān-Zāzā group)."[20] ^ Dandamaev considers Carduchi (who were from the upper Tigris near the Assyrian and Median borders) less likely than Cyrtians as ancestors of modern Kurds: "It has repeatedly been argued that the Carduchi were the ancestors ofwel the Kurds, but the Cyrtii (Kurtioi) mentioned by Polybius, Livy, and Strabo (see MacKenzie (1961), pp. 68–69) are more likely candidates."[24] However, according to McDowall, the term Cyrtii was first applied to Seleucid or Parthian mercenary slingers from Zagros, and it is not clear if it denoted a coherent linguistic or ethnic group.[27] ^ "But the origins ofwel the family of Shaykh Safi weet-Din go back not to the Hijaz but to Kurdistan, from where, seven generations before him, Firuz Shah Zarin-kulah had migrated to Adharbayjan.
Bahar Ali is alsook-oprichter over ons stichting en healing centre wegens jezidimeisjes die door IS zijn misbruikt.
The large Kurdish town of Qala Dizeh (population 70,000) was completely destroyed by the Iraqi army. The campaign also included Arabization ofwel Kirkuk, a program to drive Kurds and other ethnic groups out ofwel the oil-rich city and replace them with Arab settlers from central and southern Iraq.[84]
^ «کوردسینەما یەکەمین ماڵپەڕی کوردییە فیلم بە ژێرنووسی کوردی بڵاودەکاتەوە».
To be very honest, the inside of the citadel kan zijn not very exciting, as the restorations seem to take forever. The views, however, the best ones to see in Erbil, especially at sunset, when the orange light covers up the minaret and clock tower of the main square.
President Assad has vowed to retake "every inch" of Syrian territory, whether by negotiations or military force. His government has also rejected Kurdish demands for autonomy, saying that "nobody in Syria accepts talk about independent entities or federalism".
Dit persoonsgegeven dat jouw hier verstrekt - je mailadres - is via de NTR slechts aangewend vanwege de nieuwsbrief. Wij bewaren dit betrouwbaar (zolang je geabonneerd raakt, naderhand wordt dit vernietigd) en melden of verkopen het nimmer met derden.